While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- The okapi is a mammal native to the rainforests of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- It has dark brown fur with distinctive white horizontal stripes on its legs.
- Despite its striped legs, the okapi is most closely related to the giraffe, not the zebra.
- Both okapis and giraffes have long, dark tongues used to strip leaves from branches.
- The okapi was not known to Western scientists until 1901.

The student wants to correct a common misconception about the okapi’s closest relative. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- Coral reefs support approximately 25 percent of all marine species.
- Reefs cover less than 1 percent of the ocean floor.
- Rising ocean temperatures cause corals to expel the algae living in their tissues, a process called bleaching.
- Bleached corals can recover if temperatures return to normal quickly, but prolonged heat leads to coral death.
- Some researchers are breeding heat-resistant coral strains to help reefs survive warming oceans.

The student wants to present the threat to coral reefs and a possible scientific response. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- Sourdough bread is made using a fermented mixture of flour and water called a starter.
- The starter contains wild yeast and bacteria that produce carbon dioxide gas, which makes the bread rise.
- Commercial bread yeast produces a faster and more predictable rise.
- Sourdough fermentation takes 12 to 24 hours, compared to 1 to 2 hours for commercial yeast.
- Many bakers prefer sourdough for its tangy flavor and chewy texture, which result from the long fermentation.

The student wants to explain the tradeoff between sourdough and commercial yeast bread. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- The Amazon River dolphin, also known as the boto, is the largest freshwater dolphin species.
- Adults can reach lengths of over 8 feet and weigh up to 400 pounds.
- Unlike ocean dolphins, botos have flexible necks that allow them to turn their heads.
- This flexibility helps them navigate through flooded forests where trees and roots create obstacles.
- The boto’s skin turns a brighter shade of pink as the animal ages.

The student wants to explain how the boto’s body is adapted to its environment. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- The Appalachian Trail stretches approximately 2,190 miles from Georgia to Maine.
- It passes through 14 states along the eastern United States.
- About 3 million people visit the trail each year for day hikes and short trips.
- Fewer than 1,000 people complete the entire trail, known as a thru-hike, in a single season.
- A thru-hike typically takes five to seven months to complete.

The student wants to contrast the trail’s general popularity with the rarity of completing it in full. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

- Iceland generates nearly 100 percent of its electricity from renewable sources.
- About 73 percent comes from hydroelectric power plants.
- About 27 percent comes from geothermal energy.
- Iceland’s geothermal activity is due to its location on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where tectonic plates meet.
- Many Icelandic homes are heated directly by geothermal hot water piped from underground.

The student wants to explain how Iceland’s geography contributes to its renewable energy production. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?